Circulatory System: Study Guide 1

1. The blood-vascular system is an open-circuit system that consists of the heart, arteries, capillaries, veins and blood. False, closed-circuit

2. The heart is a muscular, conical-shaped organ, about the size of a closed fist, located in the chest cavity between the lungs and behind the sternum. True

3. Capillaries are just a single cell thick and are only large enough to pass one blood cell at a time. True

8. Arterial blood is dark red in color due to the lack of oxygen in the cells. False, venous

9. The common carotid arteries are the main source of blood supply to the head, face, and neck. True

11. A proton is the structural unit of the nervous system. False, neuron

13. The peripheral nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. False, central

21. External respiration is also called ventilation. True

22. Waste products of cellular respiration include carbon monoxide, ether and water. False, carbon dioxide and energy (no water)

25. Without a constant supply of oxygen, a human being would die within a matter of minutes. True

41. The heart is enclosed in a double-layered membrane called __.

a. pericardium b. myocardium

c. endocardium d. hemicardium

42. The outer protective layer of the heart is called __.

a. epicardium b. endocardium

c. myocardium d. pericardium

43. The actual cardiac muscle responsible for the muscular pumping action of the heart is called __.

a. pericardium b. endocardium

c. myocardium d. epicardium

44. The __ divides the heart into right and left halves.

a. endocardium b. septum

c. purkinjie fibers d. AV node

45. The right and left __ receive blood into the heart from veins.

a. ventricles b. atrium

46. The __valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

a. aortic semilunar b. pulmonary semilunar

c. bicuspid d. tricuspid

47. The __ valve permits blood to be pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta but not the reverse.

a. pulmonary semilunar b. aortic semilunar

c. bicuspid d. tricuspid

48. The __ are thick-walled muscular and elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the heart.

a. arteries b. veins

c. capillaries d. lymph

50. __ is the blood circulation from the heart to the lungs and back again to the heart.

a. systemic circulation b. general circulation

c. passive circulation d. pulmonary circulation

51. __ is a disorder of the blood vessels that is characterized by an accumulation of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the arteries.

a. cerebrovascular accident b. aneurysm

c. thrombophlebitis d. atherosclerosis

52. A(n) __ is caused by a disturbance in cerebral circulation. Symptoms include weakness, dizziness, confusion, blurred or double vision, and paralysis.

a. aneurysm b. cerebrovascular accident

c. phlebitis d. myocardial infarction

53. Circulatory massage is __ for persons with advanced or diagnosed atherosclerosis.

a. indicated b. contraindicated

54. __ are characterized by protruding, bulbous, distended superficial veins particularly in the lower legs.

a. phlebitis b. thrombophlebitis

c. varicose veins d. edema

56. The solid components of blood include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. red corpuscles b. white corpuscles

c. platelets d. plasma

57. __ are double concave disk-shaped cells that function to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.

a. erythrocytes b. leukocytes

c. thrombocytes d. None of the above

58. White blood cells are produced in all of the following EXCEPT:

a. spleen b. lymph nodes

c. liver d. red bone marrow

59. __ is the fluid component of blood.

a. thrombin b. plasma

c. gamma globulin d. hemoglobin

60. __ refers to a number of conditions where there is rapid loss of or inadequate production of red blood cells.

a. hemophilia b. anemia

c. Leukemia d. hemorrhage

62. __ is a form of cancer in which there is an uncontrolled production of white blood cells, which do not fully mature.

a. aplastic anemia b. hemophilia

c. Leukemia d. pernicious anemia