Module Exam: Endocrine, Digestive, Urinary and Reproductive System

Endocrine System

True or False

1. Hormones are specific to their target tissue or organs. True

2. I LOVE A AND P! True

Multiple Choice

3. The disorder involving a hyposecretion of insulin by the pancreas, leading to the hyperglycemia and an inability for the body's cells to use molecular glucose as an energy source is __.

a. pancoast tumor b. glycolytic hemodeficiency c. diabetes mellitus d. cretinism

4. The condition of hypersecretion of the thyroid gland is called __.

a. Graves' b. Myxedema c. Addison's d. Cushing's

5. The condition of hyposecretion of the adrenal glands is called __.

a. Graves'

b. Myxedema

c. Addison's

d. Cushing's

6. Which of the following hormones is not produced in the posterior pituitary?

a. ADH b. Oxytocin c. Growth hormone d. all of the above

7. The endocrine system is controlled mainly by intrinsic feedback systems in the body called __.

a. fruit loops b. sports psychologists c. psychic networks of stars d. negative feedback loops

8. __ hormone increases blood calcium by stimulating osteoclastic activity.

a. parathyroid b. calcitonin c. thyroid d. thymus

9. Which is not an organ of the endocrine system?

a. thyroid b. spleen c. testes d. adrenals

10. The anterior pituitary is also called the __, due to its __ cellular composition and behavior.

a. neurohypophysis, glandular b. neurohypophysis, nervous c. adenohypophysis, glandular d. adenohypophysis, nervous

11. Protein hormones are unique because they are hypothesized to enter the cell using a __.

a. reflex arc b. second messenger c. neuromuscular junction d. fake I.D.

12. The adrenal glands are located on top of the __ and secrete __, which help our bodies deal with stress.

a. stomach, insulin b. pancreas, glucagon c. kidneys, cortisol d. intestines, gastrin

13. The primary gland of the endocrine system is the __ gland, otherwise known as the " master gland".

a. pituitary b. adrenal c. thyroid d. thymus

14. Which part of the brain exhibits direct control over the master gland?

a. medulla oblongata b. brain stem c. thalamus d. hypothalamus

15. Which hormone is not produced in the anterior pituitary?

a. ADH b. LH c. TSH d. FSH

16. Which of the following hormones is produced in the adrenal cortex?

a. cortisol b. aldosterone c. all of the above d. none of the above

17. Which hormones acts as a bridge in order to let molecular glucose pass through the cellular membrane inside the cell -- to be used as an energy source?

a. insulin b. thyrotropin c. corticotropin d. atrial natriuretic factor

18. Which objective sign is noted in patients with hypothyroidism?

a. thin build b. enopthalamus c. goiter d. oily skin

19. Bonus: Who rocks the party, that rocks the party?

a. Homer Simpson b. Fred Flintstone c. Slick Willy d. Dr. Saxon

Digestive System

True or False

20. The process of digestion changes food into a nutritious fluid capable of being absorbed by the blood. True

21. The bile from the liver breaks down fats into fatty acids. True

22. From the stomach, chyme passes through the pyloric sphincter and into the duodenum of the small intestine. True

Multiple Choice

23. In the mouth, food is __ by the teeth.

a. exacerbated

b. masticated

c. cannibalized

d. mesmerized

24. Secretions by the __ glands contain enzymes that begin to digest carbohydrates.

a. adrenal

b. thyroid

c. pineal

d. salivary

25. The action of the teeth, tongue, and saliva prepares the food into a soft ball called __.

a. bolus

b. chyme

c. feces

d. mucus

26. When food passes from the throat to the esophagus, the smooth muscles of the alimentary canal are stimulated and produce a wavelike motion called __.

a. peristalsis

b. prosthesis

c. circumflexion

d. mastication

27. The salivary glands secrete which of the following enzymes?

a. Pepsin

b. Lipase

c. Sucrase

d. Amylase

28. The small intestine includes all of the following except __.

a. duodenum

b. jejunum

c. cecum

d. ileum

29. The functions of the colon include storing, forming, and excreting waste products of digestion and regulating the body's __.

a. temperature

b. water balance

c. vitamin absorption

d. pH balance

30. The large intestine travels downward on the left side of the abdomen the become the __ colon.

a. ascending

b. transverse

c. descending

d. sigmoid

31. All of the following are enzymes from the pancreas except __.

a. pepsin

b. amylase

c. trypsin

d. lipase

32. Where is the iliocecal valve located?

a. between the small and large intestine

b. between the ilieum and duodenum

c. between the jejunum and the duodenum

d. between the stomach and small intestine

33. Which part of the small intestine is the longest?

a. jejunum

b. ileum

c. duodenum

d. transverse colon

34. Where is the pyloric sphincter located?

a. at the proximal end of the urethra

b. between the stomach and duodenum

c. between the stomach and colon

d. within the pyloric valve

35. Name, in order, the parts of the small intestine that digestible substances would follow.

a. ascending, transverse, descending

b. jejunum, ileum, iliacus

c. duodenum, ileum, jejunum

d. duodenum, jejunum, ileum

36. What is the major function of the gall bladder?

a. remove toxins from the blood

b. concentrate and store bile

c. recycle iron from old red blood cells

d. all of them

37. What is the function of the pharynx?

a. passageway for a bolus

b. passageway for air

c. passageway for food

d. all of them

38. What is the appendix part of?

a. large intestine

b. liver

c. stomach

d. small intestine

39. During the intake of food, what prevents food from being aspirated?

a. epiglottis

b. thyroid cartilage

b. cricoid

d. Omonhyoid

40. Which condition could be the result of stress, poor diet and lack of exercise?

a. neuritis

b. double vision

c. tendonitis

d. constipation

41. Where are the tonsils located?

a. trachea

b. esophagus

c. pharynx

d. larynx

42. How does disease most often enter the body?

a. nose

b. genitals

c. mouth

d. skin

43. Which organ can be palpated under the ribs on the right side?

a. stomach

b. spleen

c. liver

d. gall bladder

44. The entire nervous system of the alimentary canal includes fibers from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. What effect does stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system have on digestion?

a. no effect

b. stimulates the opening of sphincters

c. increases digestive activities

d. inhibits digestive activities

45. BONUS: What is it called when the mucous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity becomes inflamed?

a. pericarditis

b. diverticulitis

c. peritonitis

d. reflux esophagus

46. What nutrient is needed in the contraction of muscle?

a. fatty acids

b. ADH

c. amino acids

d. glucose

Urinary System

True or False

47. The renal pyramids are the functional unit of the kidneys. False, nephron

48. The ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urethra. False, bladder

49. The large intestine discharges food wastes through the process of defecation. True

Multiple Choice

50. The __ excrete(s) uric acid, urea, electrolytes, water and other waste.

a. kidneys

b. liver

c. large intestine

d. lungs

51. The __ eliminate(s) water and heat through the process of perspiration.

a. kidneys

b. skin

c. liver

d. lungs

52. Which one of the following statements correctly completes the statement: "The urinary system includes __."

a. two kidneys, two ureters, two bladders, and one urethra

b. one kidney, two ureters, one bladder, and two urethra

c. two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, and two urethra

d. two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, and one urethra

53. The __ is the largest gland in the body.

a. heart

b. liver

c. lungs

d. kidneys

54. The __ is a hollow organ constructed of walls of elastic fibers and involuntary muscles that acts as a reservoir for the urine.

a. kidney

b. bladder

c. urethra

d. all of the above

55. __ is the chemical examination of urine.

a. differential

b. urinalysis

c. refractometry

d. spectographometry

56. Normal healthy urine is __ in color.

a. hazy yellow

b. clear reddish brown

c. clear yellow

d. pale green

57. What structure is substantially longer in males than in females?

a. bladder

b. urethra

c. ureter

58. Which of the following is considered an abnormal content of urine?

a. blood

b. potassium

c. urea

d. water

59. Where is urine produced?

a. kidneys

b. liver

c. gallbladder

d. urinary bladder

60. Where are the kidneys located?

a. 7th cervical vertebrae

b. 6th thoracic vertebrae

c. 12th thoracic vertebrae

d. sternum

61. What is the name of the sac that holds the urine before it expels from the body?

a. gallbladder

b. kidney

c. urinary bladder

d. nephron

62. (Bonus) Label the diagram of the urinary system.

1. inferior vena cava

2. adrenal gland

3. renal artery

4. renal vein

5. kidney

6. aorta

7. ureter

8. hilum

Reproductive System

True or False

63. In males, the reproductive cells are called zygotes. False, spermatozoa

64. The female gonad is called an ovary. True

65. It takes a minimum of 10 sperm to fertilize one ovum. False, one

Multiple Choice

66. __ is the term used to describe a reproductive cell that can unite with another reproductive cell to form a new individual.

a. zygote

b. gonad

c. gamete

d. ovum

67. A(n) __ is the term used for a fertilized ovum.

a. gonad

b. zygote

c. testes

d. fetus

68. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding the male reproductive system?

a. Includes 2 testes, 2 vas deferens, 2 seminal vesicles, 2 prostate glands, 1 bulbourethral gland, and the penis.

b. Includes 2 testes, 2 vas deferens, 2 seminal vesicles, 1 prostate gland, 1 bulbourethral gland, and the penis.

c. Includes 2 testes, 2 vas deferens, 2 seminal vesicles, 1 prostate gland, 2 bulbourethral glands, and the penis.

d. none of the above

69. The main hormone produced by the male is __.

a. progesterone

b. estrogen

c. testosterone

d. pheromone

70. __ are two convoluted, glandular tubes located on each side of the prostate that produce a nutritious fluid that is excreted into the ejaculatory ducts at the time of emission.

a. prostate glands

b. bulbourethral glands

c. seminal vesicles

d. epididymis

71. The __ are two pea-sized glands located beneath the prostate gland.

a. Cowper's glands

b. adrenal glands

c. seminal vesicles

d. epididymis glands

72. __ is the discharge of a mature ovum from the follicle of the ovary.

a. ovulation

b. menstruation

c. menopause

d. pregnancy

73. The __ are the egg-carrying tubes of the female reproductive system.

a. epididymis

b. fallopian tubes

c. ovaries

d. Bartholin's glands

74. The __ is a muscular tube or canal leading from the vulva opening to the cervix and is the lower part of the birth canal.

a. fallopian tube

b. ovary

c. vagina

d. uterus

75. The __ is a pear-shaped, muscular organ consisting of an upper portion, the body, and the neck.

a. vagina

b. uterus

c. fallopian tube

d. cervix

76. What is the main function of the vas deferens?

a. to provide an environment for sperm cells to mature

b. to produce testosterone

c. to propel live sperm from their storage sites, from the epididymis and the distal part of the vas deferens

d. all of the above

77. In which structure is approximately 60% of the fluid volume of semen produced?

a. prostate gland

b. seminal vesicle

c. epididymis

d. testes

78. Which of the following houses the fetus as it develops?

a. vagina

b. ovary

c. uterus

d. fallopian tube

79. What is the location of sperm formation?

a. epididymis

b. seminal vesicle

c. vas deferens

d. seminiferous tubules

80. In what structure do sperm mature?

a. seminal vesicle

b. vas deferens

c. prostate

d. epididymis

Bonus

81. Label the diagram of the male reproductive system.

1. seminal vesicle

2. ejaculatory duct

3. vas deferens

4. epididymis

5. testis

6. spermatic cord

7. erectile tissue

8. prostate gland

9. urethra

10. glans penis

82. Label the diagram of the female reproductive system.

1. ureter

2. ovary

3. cervix

4. rectum

5. anus

6. fallopian tube

7. body of uterus

8. fundus of uterus

9. urinary bladder

10. symphysis pubis

11. clitoris

12. urethra

13. labia minora

14. urinary opening

15. vagina

16. labia majora